Dart Tutorial

Dart is a client-optimized language for developing fast apps on any platform. This dart tutorial helps you learn Dart programming from scratch.

When you complete the entire tutorial, you’ll gain the following:

Be confident with the Dart programming language.
Understanding null-safety.
Understanding object-oriented programming concepts.
Master asynchronous programming.
Be ready for Flutter.

Section 1. Getting Started

Hello, World! – learn how to get started with Dart programming by developing the simple but famous program called Hello, World!.
Syntax – introduce to you the basic syntax of the Dart language.

Section 2. Variables & constants

Guide you on how to define variables, constants, and final variables in Dart.

Variables – learn how to use variables to store values in programs.
Const – show you how to use constants to store values that don’t change throughout the programs.
Final – introduce you to the final variables and explain the differences between const and final variables.

Section 3. Basic Types

Let’s explore some of the core data types in Dart, including String, int, double, and bool, which allows you to work with text, whole numbers, decimal numbers, and boolean values, respectively.

String – represent text using the String type.
int – show you how to use the int type to represent integer values.
double – represent fractional numbers.
bool – introduce to you the Boolean type and how to use logical operators to manipulate Boolean values.

Section 4. Control Flow

Learn how to make decisions in the program using various control flow statements.

if – execute a block of code if a condition is true.
if-else – execute a block of code if a condition is true. Otherwise, execute another block of code.
if-else-if – check multiple conditions and execute a block of code if a condition is true.
switch – select a branch for execution if an expression equals a value in a set of values.
while – execute a block of code as long as a condition is true.
do-while – execute at least one loop iteration and other iterations as long as a condition is true.
for – execute a block of code a fixed number of times.
break – skip the current iteration of a loop prematurely and start the next one immediately.
continue – start the next iteration of the loop.

Section 5. Functions

Uncover how to of creating reusable code through the functions. This section will introduce you to a diverse range of function types, including anonymous functions and the concise elegance of arrow functions.

Functions – show you how to define functions.
Optional parameters – learn how to use optional parameters to make functions more flexible.
Named parameters – use named parameters to make the parameters clear in the function calls.
Functions are first-class citizens – learn how to assign a function to a variable, pass a function to another function, and return a function from another function.
Anonymous functions – show you how to define anonymous functions which are the functions that do not have names.
Arrow functions – show you how to define arrow functions.

Section 6. Classes

Learn how to define classes with constructors, fields, getters, and setters. After this section, you can create well-structured and encapsulated code that promotes code reuse and maintainability.

Class – learn about objects and classes.
this – explain what the this keyword means and how to use it effectively.
Constructor – show you how to use constructors to create and initialize objects.
Private fields – discuss how to define private fields for a class by prefixing the field names with underscores (_).
Getter and Setter – show you how to use getters and setters to provide access to private fields and define computed properties.
Constant constructor – learn how to use constant constructors.
Static field and method – show you to use the static keyword to define a static field and method.

Section 7. Null safety

Learn how to make your program robust by using the null-safety feature in Dart.

Null safety – understand how null safety works.
Null-aware operators – learn various null-aware operators to handle null values.

Section 8. Advanced Classes

Master advanced class concepts in Dart, such as inheritance, abstract classes, and interfaces, to enhance code reusability and strengthen its robustness.

Inheritance – use inheritance to enable a class to inherit from another class.
super – use super to reference constructor of the parent class in the child class.
Method Overriding – learn how to override methods from a parent class in a child class.
Object identity & equality – show you how to compare two objects by identity and equality.
Abstract Class – introduce to you the abstract classes.
Interface – show you how to implement interfaces.
Mixin – guide you on how to use mixins to reuse the code in classes from different hierarchies.
Extension methods – learn how to use extension methods to extend existing libraries.
Generics – learn how to define generic classes & methods.
Enums – introduce to you the enumerated types or enums that represent a fixed number of constants.
Factory constructors – show you how to use factory constructors effectively.

Section 9. Exceptions

Show you how to handle exceptions in Dart using the try-catch, and try-catch-finally statements. Also, guide you on how to raise an exception using the throw statement.

try-catch – catch one or more exceptions using the try-catch statement.
try-catch-finally – use the finally block to execute code whether an exception occurs or not.
throw – show you how to use the throw statement to raise an exception.

Section 10. Collections

Learn about the most commonly used collections in Darts including List, Set, and Map.

List – manage an ordered collection of elements.
Set – manage a collection of unique elements.
Map – manage a collection of key/value pairs.

Section 11. Iterables

Iterables represent a sequence of values that can be iterated. They provide a consistent interface for accessing elements.

Iterable – learn about iterable protocol and the Iterable<E> class.
Iterator – explain the iterator protocol and the Iterator<E> class.
where() – filter a collection.
map() – create a new iterable object containing elements that pass a test.
reduce() – reduce a collection into a single value.

Section 12. Asynchronous programming

Asynchronous programming enables efficient handling of time-consuming tasks without blocking execution. It provides constructs like async and await to initiate operations and continue with other tasks while awaiting results, resulting in responsive and non-blocking code.

Event loop– learn how Dart uses an event loop to schedule asynchronous operations.
Future – introduce to you the Future objects that represent the results of asynchronous operations.
Stream – guide you on how to create a stream, and transform data from a stream.
Generators – learn how to define synchronous and asynchronous generators to generate sequences of values.

Section 13. Libraries & packages

Libraries – learn how to create, use, and manage libraries in Dart.
Packages – guide you on Dart package and how to use packages from pub.dev package repository.

Section 14. Dart 3 – New Features

Dart Record – show you how to use the Record type to bundle multiple values into a single value.